Genetic variation and change: Vocabulary!Knowing and understanding the definitions of key words is the most important foundation for moving forward in understanding concepts.
Access the quizlet set relevant for this standard here: https://quizlet.com/102088809/ncea-biology-25-genetic-variation-and-change-flash-cards/ |
Genetic variation and change - Unit planner
Here you can see what we have planned for upcoming lessons and can also access resources from here that you may have missed if you were absent.
Powerpoint for this unit:
Powerpoint for this unit:
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Friday |
Describe a gene and an allele. Distinguish between gene and allele |
Explain the relationships between genes, alleles and chromosomes. |
Explain how mutations are a source of new alleles and how they contribute to variation in a population and genetic change in a population |
Explain how mutations are a source of new alleles and how they contribute to variation in a population and genetic change in a population |
Describe the process of meiosis; Segregation, independent assortment and crossing over. |
Explain how the processes of independent assortment, segregation and crossing over during meiosis produce new combinations of alleles in the gametes and contribute to genetic variation. |
Explain how the processes of independent assortment, segregation and crossing over during meiosis produce new combinations of alleles in the gametes and contribute to genetic variation. |
Define monohybrid inheritance and list the different types of monohybrid inheritance patterns |
Describe complete dominance using the terms, dominant, expressed, recessive, masks (examples required) |
Describe, and use real examples to distinguish between co-dominance and incomplete dominance. |
Explain what is meant by the term lethal allele. (examples required) |
Explain the concept of multiple alleles using at least two examples. |
draw and / or interpret a Punnett square for any of the specified monohybrid inheritance patterns, and calculate the expected proportions of genotype and phenotype (expressed as a ratio, fraction, percentage, or decimal). Explain the inheritance patterns |
Demonstrate an understanding of dihybrid inheritance by drawing and / or interpreting a Punnett square for dihybrid inheritance patterns, and calculate the expected proportions of genotype and phenotype (expressed as a ratio, fraction, percentage, or decimal). |
Demonstrate an understanding of dihybrid inheritance by drawing and / or interpreting a Punnett square for dihybrid inheritance patterns, and calculate the expected proportions of genotype and phenotype (expressed as a ratio, fraction, percentage, or decimal). |
Explain how a test cross can be used to determine if individuals are pure breeding (examples required) |
Explain the effect of linked genes on dihybrid inheritance patterns. (examples required) |
Explain the effect of linkage and crossing over on dihybrid inheritance patterns. (examples required) |
Explain how independent assortment, crossing over, segregation, monohybrid inheritance patterns, dihybrid inheritance and linkage affect genetic variation in a population |
Explain how independent assortment, crossing over, segregation, monohybrid inheritance patterns, dihybrid inheritance and linkage affect genetic variation in a population |
Explain the process of natural selection fully. (examples required) |
Define the term gene pool and explain what is meant by the term allele frequencies in the context of a gene pool. |
Explain the process of genetic drift. (examples required) |
Explain how founder effect and genetic bottlenecks can affect population size and the gene pool / genetic variation in a population. (examples required) |
Explain how founder effect and genetic bottlenecks can affect population size and the gene pool / genetic variation in a population. (examples required) |
Define the term migration. (examples required) |
Explain how natural selection, genetic drift and migration lead to changes in allele frequencies within a gene pool. (examples required) |
Explain how natural selection, genetic drift and migration lead to changes in allele frequencies within a gene pool. (examples required) |
Relevant resources:
Mutations
This video explore what mutations are, how they are caused an the different types
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Meiosis
This video explores the process of meiosis and compares it it mitosis
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Monohybrid inheritance
This video explores the inheritance of a single trait in hamsters
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Dihybrid inheritanceThis video explores the inheritance of multiple traits in a cat
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Inheritance ratiosThis video explores ratios that are not typical in complete dominance
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Evolutionthis video gives great insight to the theories of evolution and how it relates to genetics
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Natural selection
This video is beautiful as it explains how the theory of natural selection came about
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Migration
This video is a quick comparison between immigration and emmigration
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Genetic driftThis video used lego men to explain the founder and bottleneck effects
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Revision:
No brain to small is great for revision notes + activities: http://www.nobraintoosmall.co.nz/html/senior_biology/NCEA2_biology_genetic_variation.html
Pass Biology is also another great site which has comprehensive notes associated with videos: http://www.passbiology.co.nz/biology-level-2/genetic-variation-and-change
Pathwayz is an excellent mind map which has great resources associated with key concepts: https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Filter?tag=33&SubTree=PATHWAYZ#!c404,274,6
Pass Biology is also another great site which has comprehensive notes associated with videos: http://www.passbiology.co.nz/biology-level-2/genetic-variation-and-change
Pathwayz is an excellent mind map which has great resources associated with key concepts: https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Filter?tag=33&SubTree=PATHWAYZ#!c404,274,6