Vocabulary!Knowing and understanding the definitions of key words is the most important foundation for moving forward in understanding concepts.
Access the quizlet set relevant for this standard here: https://quizlet.com/102088949/ncea-biology-27-gene-expression-flash-cards/ |
Gene expression - Unit planner:
Here you can see what we have planned for upcoming lessons and can also access resources from here that you may have missed if you were absent.
Monday |
Tuesday |
Wednesday |
Thursday |
Friday |
Define nucleic acid and name the two kinds of nucleic acids – DNA and RNA |
Draw a fully annotated diagram of a DNA molecule showing: nucleotide monomers, deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, 4 kinds of nitrogenous bases. |
Describe complementary base pairing in DNA. |
Describe what the genetic code is and state the function of the code. |
Draw a fully annotated diagram of mRNA molecule showing nucleotide monomers, ribose sugar, phosphate, 4 kinds of nitrogenous bases of mRNA |
List structural similarities and differences between DNA and mRNA |
Describe the structure of tRNA |
Describe triplets, codons and anticodons. (examples required) |
Describe the redundancy of the code due to degeneracy (examples required) |
Describe the significance of proteins (their biological role) in living cells and organisms with respect to their structural and catalytic role (examples required) |
Describe the relationship between a polypeptide chain and a functional protein (examples required) |
Describe the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of a protein (examples required) |
Explain how proteins are the products of gene expression by describing the link between DNA, mRNA and a polypeptide chain |
Describe the role of one gene with a specific base sequence in determining the specific amino acid sequence and final structure of a protein (examples required) |
Explain how a protein is produced by the process of transcription and translation –explain the significance or purpose of every step in the two processes |
Explain how a protein is produced by the process of transcription and translation –explain the significance or purpose of every step in the two processes |
Explain the significance of enzymes in controlling the process of protein synthesis. |
Define biochemical reaction (examples required) |
Explain the link between a specific gene, a specific enzyme and each biochemical reaction (examples required) |
Explain the concepts of a metabolic pathway using the key terms: substrate, product, biochemical reaction, enzyme. (examples required) |
Explain, using examples, how phenotype is determined by the presence, absence or amount of specific metabolic products. (examples required) |
Explain, using examples, how phenotype is determined by the presence, absence or amount of specific metabolic products. (examples required) |
Define the term mutation + Define mutagen and Identify mutagens (environmental factors)that cause mutations (examples required) |
Distinguish between somatic and gametic mutations and identify the potential effect of each of these. (examples required) |
Describe the different types of mutation – deletion, insertion, substitution and compare their effect on the base sequence and sequence of triplets |
Describe the different types of mutation – deletion, insertion, substitution and compare their effect on the base sequence and sequence of triplets |
Explain the potential effect of gene mutations on: the base sequence of DNA in a gene, mRNA codons, amino acid sequence, tertiary structure of protein (enzyme), biological function of the protein / enzyme and the metabolic pathway. (examples required –including sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis ) |
Explain the potential effect of gene mutations on: the base sequence of DNA in a gene, mRNA codons, amino acid sequence, tertiary structure of protein (enzyme), biological function of the protein / enzyme and the metabolic pathway. (examples required –including sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis ) |
Explain the effect of the gene mutation on the genotype (new allele formed) and hence the phenotype. (examples required) |
Explain how environmental factors may change an organism’s phenotype without changing its genotype. (examples required) |
Resources:
DNAThis video explores briefly the structure of DNA but informs more on the function of DNA
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RNA
This video compares the similarities and differences between DNA and RNA
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Protein structureThis video shows an overview of the 4 different structures of a protein
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Protein functionThis video gives an overview of what a protein is and how it is formed
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TranscriptionThis video shows how DNA transforms to RNA through transcription
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Translation
This video shows how RNA is transformed into a polypeptide chain to form a protein
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Biochemical pathwaysThis video explain in simple words what a biochemical pathways is - eg. Metabolic
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Mutations
This video is very good for explaining different types of mutations and their effects
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Effect of environmentThis video is a great explanation of how genes are effected by their environment - lac operon
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Revision:
No brain to small is great for revision notes + activities: http://www.nobraintoosmall.co.nz/html/senior_biology/NCEA2_biology_gene_expression.html
Pass Biology is also another great site which has comprehensive notes with videos: http://www.passbiology.co.nz/biology-level-2/gene-expression
Pathwayz is an excellent mind map which has great resources associated with key concepts: https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Filter?tag=35&SubTree=PATHWAYZ#!c110,190,6
Pass Biology is also another great site which has comprehensive notes with videos: http://www.passbiology.co.nz/biology-level-2/gene-expression
Pathwayz is an excellent mind map which has great resources associated with key concepts: https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Filter?tag=35&SubTree=PATHWAYZ#!c110,190,6